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初一英语语法(初一英语语法归纳)

时间:2023-02-25 18:03:54

月朔英语的语法重要有四个核心,分别是:宾语从句、定语从句、疑问句和不规则转变。另外名词、代词、数词、动词的形式转变也是核心。

月吉英语语法核心:宾语从句

岂论主句是讲述句还是疑问句,宾语从句都必须使用讲述语序,即“主句+连词+宾语从句(主语+谓语+……)”句式。凭据连接词在从句中所担当的不一样身分,可分为以下四种:

1)连接词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语。常见的连接词有: who,what,which等。如:

Could you tell me who knows the answer,please?你能奉告我谁知道谜底吗?

The small children don't know what is in their stockings.这些小孩子不知道袜子里有甚么用具.

I don't know which belongs to my father.

2)连接词+名词+谓语。连接词在从句中作主语的定语。常见的连接词有:whose,what,which,how many,how much等。如:

He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他问我们班上谁的书法*好。

The teacher asked us how many people there were in the room.教师问我们房间里有多少人。

3)连接词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语、状语或表语。常见的连接词有:who(m),what,which, how many, how much, when, why, how, where, if /whether(在句中不充任任何身分)。如:

He hasn't decided if he'll go on a trip to Wuxi.他还没决策能否去无锡游览。

Could you tell me what I should do with the money ?你能通告我我若何处置这笔钱吗?

4)连接词+名词+主语+谓语。连接词在从句中作宾语或表语的定语。常见的连接词有:what,which,how many,how much,how等。如:

Do you know which class he is in ?你知道他在哪个班吗?

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她问我是否知道这是谁的钢笔。

月朔英语语法核心:定语从句

在复合句中,化装某别名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句化装的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。开导定语从句的相关词有关联代词和关联副词。比方:

This is the present that he gave me for my birthday.

Do you know everybody who came to the party?

I still remember the night when I first came to the village?

This is the place where Chairman Mao once lived.

月朔英语语法核心:疑问句

四类,普通疑问句通常用yes或no来回答,于是又叫做黑白疑问句。在读这种句子时要用升调。普通疑问句严重有以下几种类别:

1)be+主语+表语

2)情态动词+主措辞+举动动词(或be)

3)助动词(do,does,did)+主语+举动动词

4)独特疑问句的机关:独特疑问句+普通疑问句

月吉英语语法核心:不规则蜕化

原级 比较级 第一流

good/well better best

bad worse worst

many/much more most

little less least

far farther/further farthest/furthest

注:有些形容词日常没有比较等级。如: right, wrong, woolen等。

一、词法

1、名词

A)、名词的数

我们知道名词能够分为可数名词和不行数名词,而不行数名词它没有复数样式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的组成如下:

一)在后面加s。如:fathers, books, Americans, Germans,apples, bananas

二)x,sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:boxes,glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes

三)1)以子音字母加y终局的变y为i再加es 如:baby-babies, family-families,duty-duties, comedy-comedies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories

2)以元音字母加y末了的直接加s。如:day-days,boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways

四)以o终局加s(外来词)。如:radios, photos, 但如是子音加o的加es:如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯

五)以f或fe终局的变f为v再加es(s)。如:knife-knives, wife-wives,half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves

六)单复数不异(稳固的)有:fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese

七)凡是惟独复数,没有单数的有:people, pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks

八)单词格式方式固定,既可所以单数也可所以复数的有:police捕快局,捕快, class班,同窗, family家,家庭成员

九)合成的复数日常只加紧要名词,无数为后一个单词。如:action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但假如是由man或woman所构成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如:man doctor-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers

十)有的单复数乐趣区别。如:fish鱼 fishes鱼的品种,paper纸 papers报纸,卷子,论文, work工作 works作品,工场, glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光芒lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens小鸡

十一) 单个字母的复数能够有两种体例直接加s或’s。如:Is (I’s), Ks (K’s)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如:IDs, VCDs, SARs

十二) 独特格式方式的有:child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice,policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen

B)名词的格

当我们要透露表现或人的甚么器械或人时,我们就要使用所有格式样。组成如下:

一)单数在后面加’s。如:brother’s, Mike’s, teacher’s

二)复数以s终局的直接在s后加’,若是不是以s终局的与单数雷同处置惩罚。如:Teachers’ Day教师节,classmates’; Children’s Day六一节, Women’s Day三八节

三)由and并列的名词全部时,如果是配合全部统一人或物时,只加结果一个’s,但分别含有时却分别按单数表面处置。如:Mike and Ben’s room迈克和本的房间(共住一间),Mike’s and Ben’s rooms迈克和本的房间(各自的房间)

2、代词

项目人称代词 物主代词 指点代词 反身代词

人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性

第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself

复数 we us our ours ourselves

第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself

复数 you you your yours yourselves

第三人称 单数 she her her hers herself

he him his his himself

it it its its this that itself

复数 they them their theirs these thosethemselves

3、动词

A)第三人称单数

当动词是第三人称单数时,动词该当像名词的单数更动词那样加s,如下:

一)普通在词后加s。如:comes, spells, waits, talks, sees,dances, trains

二)在x,sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如:watches,washes, wishes, finishes

三)1)以子音字母加y后来的变y为i再加es。如:study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries

2)以元音字母加y末尾的直接加s。如:plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys

四)以o最后加es。如:does, goes

五)独特的有:are-is, have-has

B)目下当今分词

当我们说或人正在做甚么事时,动词要使用分词表面,不能用真相,形成如下:

一)通常在后加ing。如:spell-spelling, sing-singing,see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, hurry-hurrying, watch-watching,go-going, do-doing

二)以不发音e的末尾的去掉e再加ing。如:dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing,write-writing, have-having

三)以重读闭音节末尾且一个元音字母+一个子音字母(注重除开字母连合如show showing, draw-drawing)要双写末了的子音字母再加ing。如:put-putting, run-running, get-getting,let-letting, begin-beginning

四)以ie开头的变ie为y再加ing。如:tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于

4、形容词的级

我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行比拟时,则要使用比较或第一流形态。组成如下:

一) 平常在词后加er或est(假如因此e末尾则直接加r或st)。如:greater-greatest,shorter shortest, taller tallest,longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest

二)以重读闭音节最后且1个元音字母+1个子音字母(字母配合除外,如few-fewer fewest)最后的双写最后的子音再加er /est。如:big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest

三) 以子音字母+y末端的变y为i加er/est。如:happy-happier happiest,sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly mostfriendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest

四)独特环境:(两很多多少坏,一少老远)

good/well -better best many/much - more most bad/ill worse worst

little- lessleast old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest

5、数词 (基变序,有规则;一、二、三,自个背;五、八、九、十二;其余后接th;y后来,变成i, eth跟上去。)first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth,thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fortieth, ninety-ninetieth

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